Tags: Analytical Seminar


Analytical Approaches for Measuring the Safety of Biotherapeutic Drugs

Biotherapeutic drugs present new analytical challenges to the drug development and quality control process. Unlike traditional small molecule drugs where synthetic choices can be tightly controlled, biotherapeutic drugs rely on the integrity of host cell biosynthetic machinery to manufacture the drug. The host cells themselves also present an issue where the biotherapeutic product can be contaminated with trace amounts of host cell proteins (…


Dynamic Isotopic Detection of Aminosugars With Glutamine (IDAWG) for Released Glycans and O-GlcNAc Modified Proteins

The Isotopic Detection of Aminosugars With Glutamine (IDAWG) method was originally developed for the glycomics field as a quantitative tool that takes advantage of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, isotopically labeling nitrogen-containing glycans in cell culture systems via the use of 15N-Gln1,2. Here, we present an adaptation of this method, Dynamic IDAWG, that allows for the calculation of half-lives and sialic acid remodeling for released…


A Switchable Interface with Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Brushes for Rare Cell Isolation and Cell Detachment

Polymer interface science is broadening its area to nanotechnologies, medicine, and biotechnology. The well-defined and controlled polymeric interfaces have been developed and provided a variety of surface properties by varying molecular characteristics of the polymer brushes1.  However, affinity-based sorting of colloidal particulates, such as cells and viruses, from a mixture of different particles is limited due to the quasi-irreversible…


Analysis of Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds Using Solid Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) like ketones, alcohols, terpenes, and terpene derivatives are primary and secondary metabolites of fungi and bacteria1 . Indoor environments with varying amounts of humidity, lack of light, oxygen, and carbon dioxide create the breeding ground for MVOCs. Prolonged human exposure to MVOCs has been directly associated with sick building syndrome (SBS), respiratory irritation, and asthma-like symptoms1…


Analytical Chemistry Techniques in the Field of Art Conservation

The field of art conservation relies on many analytical techniques that are also used in the field of chemistry. Art comes in many forms from paintings, to sculptures, to written word. Each work of art can be chemically unique, as well as chemically and structurally complex. Modern analytical chemistry techniques such as IR, RAMAN, X-ray spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry coupled with a variety of imaging methods can help art conservationists…


X-ray absorption spectroscopy and its application: X-ray fluorescene imaging

Dramatic advances in the understanding of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) have been made over the past few decades, which have led ultimately to a highly quantitative theory. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) refers to the oscillatory structure in the x-ray absorption coefficient just above an x-ray absorption edge. This turns out to be a unique signature of a given material; it also depends on the detailed atomic structure and…


The use of heterogeneous and melt miscible nucleating agents for the improvement of the crystallization rate of Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyhexanoate)

Since the 1950s, plastic production has steadily increased with millions of metric tons accumulating in the environment.1 Much of the waste stream is single use plastics, and the need for biodegradable alternatives is pressing. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), a class of polymers produced by many bacteria as a carbon source, presents a viable biodegradable replacement for many commodity thermoplastics such as polypropylene and polyethylene.…


Improving the Chemical Synthesis of Peptides and Proteins

In 1963 solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) was introduced by Merrifield. Since then, the chemical synthesis of short peptides became routine. However, synthesis of long peptides remains difficult, being time demanding and offering lower yields as the size of the desired chain increases. Likewise, the synthesis of small proteins was not possible until the development of Native Chemical Ligation (NCL), a technique for ligation of peptides to…


Overview of Reverse Transcription Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an in vitro enzymatic method used to amplify specific DNA sequences. The simple concept of PCR relies upon the repeated synthesis of targeted DNA using DNA polymerase enzyme. Conceived by Kary Mullis in 1983, PCR has now become a common and often indispensable technique that is used in clinical laboratory and medical laboratory research for a broad variety of applications including biomedical research and…


The synchronization of cellular clocks in Neurospora crassa

Collective behavior is seen in a variety of biological organizations, varying from the collective attack of viruses on bacterial cells to troops of baboons. This may lead to the synchronized oscillations that includes either fire flies or cells being able to synchronize their time clocks. This can be observed with humans as well, where individual cells synchronize into circadian rhythms. Previously, we were able to establish the properties that…
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