Emeritus Professor Education Education: Ph.D. Univ. of East Anglia, 1977 M.A. Cambridge Univ., 1977 M.Sc. Univ. of East Anglia, 1975 B.A. Cambridge Univ. 1974 Research Research Areas: Inorganic Chemistry Biological Chemistry Research Interests: Our research concerns the role and assembly of transition metal centers in metalloenzymes and metalloproteins. Metal centers constitute the active sites of at least one third of all enzymes and determining the assembly mechanism of metallocenters and the electronic and structural properties of metal centers that confer selective and specific catalytic activity present fascinating challenges to inorganic chemists. In our work we use a range of spectroscopic techniques to probe the characteristic properties of transition metal centers, i.e. color, paramagnetism, etc. These include electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), resonance Raman, FTIR, and UV/visible/near-IR absorption and natural and magnetically induced circular dichroism (CD and MCD). We also collaborate with other groups for Mossbauer, electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), X-ray absorption and X-ray crystallography studies of proteins prepared in our laboratory. The information content of these techniques is often complementary and leads to a detailed information concerning the electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of metal centers imbedded in a large polypeptide macromolecule. The goal is detailed molecular-level understanding of the mechanism of assembly and/or the role of the metal center(s) in catalysis, regulation or electron transfer. Our research program currently focuses primarily on the assembly and functions of biological iron-sulfur centers, clusters of non-heme iron and inorganic sulfide involving [Fe2S2], [Fe3S4], [Fe4S4], and [Fe8S7] core units that are generally attached to the protein via cysteinate ligation. Fe-S clusters are present in more than 300 different types of enzymes or proteins and play crucial roles in fundamental life processes such as respiration, photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. As such they constitute one of the most ancient, ubiquitous and structurally and functionally diverse classes of biological prosthetic groups. Consequently the process of Fe-S cluster biosynthesis is essential to almost all forms of life and is remarkably conserved in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Moreover, a molecular-level understanding of iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis is crucial for understanding a variety of human diseases involving anemias, myopathies and ataxias that arise from defects in Fe-S cluster biogenesis proteins. Research on Fe-S cluster biosynthesis in the Johnson group currently involves investigating the molecular mechanisms of Fe-S cluster assembly on scaffold proteins and the subsequent intact cluster transfer to acceptor or carrier proteins. In addition we are investigating the mechanistic roles of Fe-S clusters in two rapidly emerging classes of Fe-S enzymes involved with disulfide reduction and radical generation. Funding for this work is provided by the National Institutes of Health. Selected Publications Selected Publications: 2018 Benoit, S. L., Holland, A. A., Johnson, M. K., & Maier, R. J. (2018). Iron-sulfur protein maturation in Helicobacter pylori:Identifying a Nfu-type cluster carrier protein and its iron-sulfur protein targets.. Mol Microbiol. doi:10.1111/mmi.13942 Gao, H., Azam, T., Randeniya, S., Couturier, J., Rouhier, N., & Johnson, M. K. (2018). Function and maturation of the Fe-S center in dihydroxyacid dehydratase from Arabidopsis.. J Biol Chem. doi:10.1074/jbc.RA117.001592 Johnson, M. K., Robinson, A. E., & Thomson, A. J. (n.d.). Low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism studies of iron-sulfur proteins. In T. P. Spiro (Ed.), Metal Ions in Biology, Vol. 4. Iron-Sulfur Proteins (pp. 367-406). New York: John Wiley and Sons. Medlock, A. E., Najahi-Missaoui, W., Shiferaw, M., Albetel, A., Johnson, M. K., & Lanzilotta, W. N. (n.d.). Insight into the Function of Active Site Residues in the Catalytic Mechanism of Human Ferrochelatase. 2017 Srivastava, A. P. ; Hardy, E. P. ; Allen, J. P. ; Vaccaro, B. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Knaff, D. B. Identification of the Ferredoxin-Binding Site of a Ferredoxin-Dependent Cyanobacterial Nitrate Reductase. Biochemistry 2017, 56, 5582 - 5592. Wang, Y. ; Hickox, H. P. ; Xie, Y. ; Wei, P. ; Blair, S. A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Schaefer, H. F. ; Robinson, G. H. A Stable Anionic Dithiolene Radical. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2017, 139, 6859 - 6862. Vaccaro, B. J. ; Clarkson, S. M. ; Holden, J. F. ; Lee, D. - W. ; Wu, C. - H. ; II, F. L. Poole; Cotelesage, J. J. H. ; Hackett, M. J. ; Mohebbi, S. ; Sun, J. ; Li, H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; George, G. N. ; Adams, M. W. W. Biological iron-sulfur storage in a thioferrate-protein nanoparticle. Nature Communications 2017, 8, 16110. 2016 Dlouhy, A. C. ; Li, H. ; Albetel, A. - N. ; Zhang, B. ; Mapolelo, D. T. ; Randeniya, S. ; Holland, A. A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Outten, C. E. The Escherichia coli BolA Protein IbaG Forms a Histidine-Ligated [2Fe-2S]-Bridged Complex with Grx4. Biochemistry 2016, 55, 6869 - 6879. 2015 Srivastava, A. P. ; Allen, J. P. ; Vaccaro, B. J. ; Hirasawa, M. ; Alkul, S. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Knaff, D. B. Identification of Amino Acids at the Catalytic Site of a Ferredoxin-Dependent Cyanobacterial Nitrate Reductase. Biochemistry 2015, 54, 5557 - 5568. Wang, H. ; Nair, V. S. ; Holland, A. A. ; Capolicchio, S. ; Jessen, H. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Shears, S. B. Asp1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe binds a [2Fe-2S](2+) cluster which inhibits inositol pyrophosphate 1-phosphatase activity. Biochemistry 2015, 54, 6462-74. Crack, J. C. ; Munnoch, J. ; Dodd, E. L. ; Knowles, F. ; Bassam, M. M. Al; Kamali, S. ; Holland, A. A. ; Cramer, S. P. ; Hamilton, C. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Hutchings, M. I. ; Le Brun, N. E. NsrR from Streptomyces coelicolor is a Nitric Oxide-Sensing [4Fe-4S] Cluster Protein with a Specialized Regulatory Function. J Biol Chem 2015, 290, 12689-12704. LaVoie, S. P. ; Mapolelo, D. T. ; Cowart, D. M. ; Polacco, B. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Scott, R. A. ; Miller, S. M. ; Summers, A. O. Organic and inorganic mercurials have distinct effects on cellular thiols, metal homeostasis, and Fe-binding proteins in Escherichia coli. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015, 20, 1239-51. Subramanian, S. ; Duin, E. C. ; Fawcett, S. E. J. ; Armstrong, F. A. ; Meyer, J. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic and Redox Studies of Valence-Delocalized [Fe2S2](+) Centers in Thioredoxin-like Ferredoxins. J Am Chem Soc 2015, 137, 4567-80. 2014 Mokry, D. Z. ; Nadia-Albete, A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Lukat-Rodgers, G. S. ; Rodgers, K. R. ; Lanzilotta, W. N. Spectroscopic evidence for a 5-coordinate oxygenic ligated high spin ferric heme moiety in the Neisseria meningitidis hemoglobin binding receptor. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014, 1840, 3058-66. Berggren, G. ; Garcia-Serres, R. ; Brazzolotto, X. ; Clemancey, M. ; Gambarelli, S. ; Atta, M. ; Latour, J. - M. ; Hernández, H. L. ; Subramanian, S. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Fontecave, M. An EPR/HYSCORE, Mössbauer, and resonance Raman study of the hydrogenase maturation enzyme HydF: a model for N-coordination to [4Fe-4S] clusters. J Biol Inorg Chem 2014, 19, 75-84. Roret, T. ; Tsan, P. ; Couturier, J. ; Zhang, B. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Rouhier, N. ; Didierjean, C. Structural and spectroscopic insights into BolA-glutaredoxin complexes. J Biol Chem 2014, 289, 24588-98. 2013 Gao, H. ; Subramanian, S. ; Couturier, J. ; Naik, S. G. ; Kim, S. - K. ; Leustek, T. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Wu, H. - C. ; Vignols, F. ; Huynh, B. Hanh; Rouhier, N. ; Johnson, M. K. Arabidopsis thaliana Nfu2 accommodates [2Fe-2S] or [4Fe-4S] clusters and is competent for in vitro maturation of chloroplast [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] cluster-containing proteins. Biochemistry 2013, 52, 6633-45. Zhang, B. ; Bandyopadhyay, S. ; Shakamuri, P. ; Naik, S. G. ; Huynh, B. Hanh; Couturier, J. ; Rouhier, N. ; Johnson, M. K. Monothiol glutaredoxins can bind linear [Fe3S4]+ and [Fe4S4]2+ clusters in addition to [Fe2S2]2+ clusters: spectroscopic characterization and functional implications. J Am Chem Soc 2013, 135, 15153-64. Mapolelo, D. T. ; Zhang, B. ; Randeniya, S. ; Albetel, A. - N. ; Li, H. ; Couturier, J. ; Outten, C. E. ; Rouhier, N. ; Johnson, M. K. Monothiol glutaredoxins and A-type proteins: partners in Fe-S cluster trafficking. Dalton Trans 2013, 42, 3107-15. Srivastava, A. P. ; Hirasawa, M. ; Bhalla, M. ; Chung, J. - S. ; Allen, J. P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Tripathy, J. N. ; Rubio, L. M. ; Vaccaro, B. ; Subramanian, S. ; Flores, E. ; Zabet-Moghaddam, M. ; Stitle, K. ; Knaff, D. B. Roles of four conserved basic amino acids in a ferredoxin-dependent cyanobacterial nitrate reductase. Biochemistry 2013, 52, 4343-53. Abraham, M. Y. ; Wang, Y. ; Xie, Y. ; Gilliard, R. J. ; Wei, P. ; Vaccaro, B. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Schaefer, H. F. ; Schleyer, P. V. R. ; Robinson, G. H. Oxidation of carbene-stabilized diarsenic: diarsene dications and diarsenic radical cations. J Am Chem Soc 2013, 135, 2486-8. 2012 Zhang, B. ; Crack, J. C. ; Subramanian, S. ; Green, J. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Le Brun, N. E. ; Johnson, M. K. Reversible cycling between cysteine persulfide-ligated [2Fe-2S] and cysteine-ligated [4Fe-4S] clusters in the FNR regulatory protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012, 109, 15734-9. Shakamuri, P. ; Zhang, B. ; Johnson, M. K. Monothiol glutaredoxins function in storing and transporting [Fe2S2] clusters assembled on IscU scaffold proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2012, 134, 15213-6. Mapolelo, D. T. ; Zhang, B. ; Naik, S. G. ; Huynh, B. Hanh; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic and functional characterization of iron-sulfur cluster-bound forms of Azotobacter vinelandii (Nif)IscA. Biochemistry 2012, 51, 8071-84. Mapolelo, D. T. ; Zhang, B. ; Naik, S. G. ; Huynh, B. Hanh; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic and functional characterization of iron-bound forms of Azotobacter vinelandii (Nif)IscA. Biochemistry 2012, 51, 8056-70. Li, H. ; Mapolelo, D. T. ; Randeniya, S. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Outten, C. E. Human glutaredoxin 3 forms [2Fe-2S]-bridged complexes with human BolA2. Biochemistry 2012, 51, 1687-96. 2011 Couturier, J. ; Stroher, E. ; Albetel, A. - N. ; Roret, T. ; Muthuramalingam, M. ; Tarrago, L. ; Seidel, T. ; Tsan, P. ; Jacquot, J. - P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dietz, K. - J. ; Didierjean, C. ; Rouhier, N. Arabidopsis Chloroplastic Glutaredoxin C5 as a Model to Explore Molecular Determinants for Iron-Sulfur Cluster Binding into Glutaredoxins. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011, 286, 27515 - 27527. Li, H. ; Mapolelo, D. T. ; Dingra, N. N. ; Keller, G. ; Riggs-Gelasco, P. J. ; Winge, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Outten, C. E. Histidine 103 in Fra2 is an iron-sulfur cluster ligand in the [2Fe-2S] Fra2-Grx3 complex and is required for in vivo iron signaling in yeast. J Biol Chem 2011, 286, 867-76. 2010 Dailey, T. A. ; Boynton, T. O. ; Albetel, A. N. ; Gerdes, S. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dailey, H. A. Discovery and characterization of HemQ an essential heme biosynthetic pathway component. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2010, 285, 25978 - 25986. Rouhier, N. ; Couturier, J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Jacquot, J. P. Glutaredoxins: roles in iron homeostasis. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 2010, 35, 43 - 52. Saini, A. ; Mapolelo, D. T. ; Chahal, H. K. ; Johnson, M. K. ; F Outten, W. SufD and SufC ATPase activity are required for iron acquisition during in vivo Fe-S cluster formation on SufB. Biochemistry 2010, 49, 9402-12. Hirasawa, M. ; Tripathy, J. N. ; Sommer, F. ; Somasundaram, R. ; Chung, J. - S. ; Nestander, M. ; Kruthiventi, M. ; Zabet-Moghaddam, M. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Merchant, S. S. ; Allen, J. P. ; Knaff, D. B. Enzymatic properties of the ferredoxin-dependent nitrite reductase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Evidence for hydroxylamine as a late intermediate in ammonia production. Photosynth Res 2010, 103, 67-77. Benjdia, A. ; Subramanian, S. ; Leprince, J. ; Vaudry, H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Berteau, O. Anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme--a mechanistic link with glycyl radical-activating enzymes?. FEBS J 2010, 277, 1906-20. 2009 Hirasawa, M. ; Tripathy, J. N. ; Somasundaram, R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Bhalla, M. ; Allen, J. P. ; Knaff, D. B. The Interaction of spinach nitrite reductase with ferredoxin: A site-directed mutation study. Molecular Plant 2009, 2, 407 - 415. Li, H. R. ; Mapolelo, D. T. ; Dingra, N. N. ; Naik, S. G. ; Lees, N. S. ; Hoffman, B. M. ; Riggs-Gelasco, P. J. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Outten, C. E. The yeast iron regulatory proteins Grx3/4 and Fra2 form heterodimeric complexes containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster with cysteinyl and histidyl ligation. Biochemistry 2009, 48, 9569 - 9581. Walters, E. M. ; Garcia-Serres, R. ; Naik, S. G. ; Bourquin, F. ; Glauser, D. A. ; Schurmann, P. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. Role of histidine-86 in the catalytic mechanism of ferredoxin:thioredoxin reductase. Biochemistry 2009, 48, 1016 - 1024. Lees, N. S. ; Hanzelmann, P. ; Hernandez, H. L. ; Subramanian, S. ; Schindelin, H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Hoffman, B. M. ENDOR spectroscopy shows that guanine N1 binds to [4Fe-4S] cluster II of the S-adenosylmethionine-dependent enzyme MoaA: Mechanistic implications. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2009, 131, 9184 - +. Crack, J. C. ; den Hengst, C. D. ; Jakimowicz, P. ; Subramanian, S. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Buttner, M. J. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Le Brun, N. E. Characterization of [4Fe-4S] cluster-containing and cluster-free forms of Streptomyces WhiD. Biochemistry 2009, 48, 12252 - 12264. 2008 Bandyopadhyay, S. ; Gama, F. ; Molina-Navarro, M. M. ; Gualberto, J. M. ; Claxton, R. ; Naik, S. G. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Herrero, E. ; Jacquot, J. P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Rouhier, N. Chloroplast monothiol glutaredoxins as scaffold proteins for the assembly and delivery of [2Fe-2S] clusters. Embo Journal 2008, 27, 1122 - 1133. Benjdia, A. ; Subramanian, S. ; Leprince, J. ; Vaudry, H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Berteau, O. Anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzymes, first dual substrate radical S-adenosylmethionine enzymes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2008, 283, 17815 - 17826. Bandyopadhyay, S. ; Naik, S. G. ; O'Carroll, I. P. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dos Santos, P. C. A proposed role for the Azotobacter vinelandii NfuA protein as an intermediate iron-sulfur cluster carrier. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2008, 283, 14092 - 14099. Bandyopadhyay, S. ; Chandramouli, K. ; Johnson, M. K. Iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis. Biochemical Society Transactions 2008, 36, 1112 - 1119. 2007 Rouhier, N. ; Unno, H. ; Bandyopadhyay, S. ; Masip, L. ; Kim, S. K. ; Hirasawa, M. ; Gualberto, J. M. ; Lattard, V. ; Kusunoki, M. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Georgiou, G. ; Hase, T. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Jacquot, J. P. Functional, structural, and spectroscopic characterization of a glutathione-ligated [2Fe-2S] cluster in poplar glutaredoxin C1. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2007, 104, 7379 - 7384. Dey, A. ; Jenney, F. E. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Hodgson, K. O. ; Hedman, B. ; Solomon, E. I. Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations on superoxide reductase: Role of the axial thiolate in reactivity. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2007, 129, 12418 - 12431. Chandramouli, K. ; Unciuleac, M. C. ; Naik, S. ; Dean, D. R. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. Formation and properties of [4Fe-4S] clusters on the IscU scaffold protein. Biochemistry 2007, 46, 6804 - 6811. Kim, S. K. ; Gomes, V. ; Gao, Y. ; Chandramouli, K. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Leustek, T. The two-domain structure of 5 '-adenylylsulfate (APS) reductase from Enteromorpha intestinalis is a requirement for efficient APS reductase activity. Biochemistry 2007, 46, 591 - 601. Unciuleac, M. C. ; Chandramouli, K. ; Naik, S. ; Mayer, S. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dean, D. R. In vitro activation of apo-aconitase using a [4Fe-4S] cluster-loaded form of the IscU [Fe-S] cluster scaffolding protein. Biochemistry 2007, 46, 6812 - 6821. Hernandez, H. L. ; Pierrel, F. ; Elleingand, E. ; Garcia-Serres, R. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Fontecave, M. ; Atta, M. MiaB, a bifunctional radical-S-adenosylmethionine enzyme involved in the thiolation and methylation of tRNA, contains two essential [4Fe-4S] clusters. Biochemistry 2007, 46, 5140 - 5147. 2006 Clay, M. D. ; Yang, T. C. ; Jenney, F. E. ; Kung, I. Y. ; Cosper, C. A. ; Krishnan, R. ; Kurtz, D. M. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Hoffman, B. M. ; Johnson, M. K. Geometries and electronic structures of cyanide adducts of the non-heme iron active site of superoxide reductases: Vibrational and ENDOR studies. Biochemistry 2006, 45, 427 - 438. Sen, S. ; Krishnakumar, A. ; McClead, J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Seefeldt, L. C. ; Szilagyi, R. K. ; Peters, J. W. Insights into the role of nucleotide-dependent conformational change in nitrogenase catalysis: Structural characterization of the nitrogenase Fe protein Leu127 deletion variant with bound MgATP. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 2006, 100, 1041 - 1052. Yang, T. C. ; McNaughton, R. L. ; Clay, M. D. ; Jenney, F. E. ; Krishnan, R. ; Kurtz, D. M. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Hoffman, B. M. Comparing the electronic properties of the low-spin cyano-ferric [Fe(N4)(Cys)] active sites of superoxide reductase and P450cam using ENDOR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2006, 128, 16566 - 16578. Chandramouli, K. ; Johnson, M. K. HscA and HscB stimulate [2Fe-2S] cluster transfer from IscU to apoferredoxin in an ATP-dependent reaction. Biochemistry 2006, 45, 11087 - 11095. Kim, S. K. ; Rahman, A. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Mason, J. T. ; Gomes, V. ; Hirasawa, M. ; Moore, M. L. ; Leustek, T. ; Knaff, D. B. Properties of the cysteine residues and the iron-sulfur cluster of the assimilatory 5 '-adenylyl sulfate reductase from Enteromorpha intestinalis. Biochemistry 2006, 45, 5010 - 5018. Wang, G. ; Hong, Y. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Maier, R. J. Lipid peroxidation as a source of oxidative damage in Helicobacter pylori: Protective roles of peroxiredoxins. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-General Subjects 2006, 1760, 1596 - 1603. 2005 Johnson, M. K. ; Smith, A. D. Iron-sulfur proteins. In Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, Second Edition; King, R. B. ; Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, Second Edition; John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, 2005; pp. 2589 - 2619. Kim, S. K. ; Rahman, A. ; Mason, J. T. ; Hirasawa, M. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Miginiac-Maslow, M. ; Keryer, E. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Leustek, T. The interaction of 5'-adenylylsulfate reductase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa with its substrates. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Bioenergetics 2005, 1710, 103 - 112. Smith, A. D. ; Jameson, G. N. L. ; Dos Santos, P. C. ; Agar, J. N. ; Naik, S. ; Krebs, C. ; Frazzon, J. ; Dean, D. R. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. NifS-mediated assembly of [4Fe-4S] clusters in the N- and C-terminal domains of the NifU scaffold protein. Biochemistry 2005, 44, 12955 - 12969. Walters, E. M. ; Garcia-Serres, R. ; Jameson, G. N. L. ; Glauser, D. A. ; Bourquin, F. ; Manieri, W. ; Schurmann, P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Huynh, B. H. Spectroscopic characterization of site-specific [Fe4S4] cluster chemistry in ferredoxin : thioredoxin reductase: Implications for the catalytic mechanism. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2005, 127, 9612 - 9624. Johnson, D. C. ; Dean, D. R. ; Smith, A. D. ; Johnson, M. K. Structure, function, and formation of biological iron-sulfur clusters. Annual Review of Biochemistry 2005, 74, 247 - 281. Sanderson, C. T. ; Quinlan, J. A. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Murphy, M. ; Dluhy, R. A. ; Kutal, C. Characterization of the low-energy electronic excited states of benzoyl-substituted ruthenocenes. Inorganic Chemistry 2005, 44, 3283 - 3289. Smith, A. D. ; Frazzon, J. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. Role of conserved cysteines in mediating sulfur transfer from IscS to IscU. Febs Letters 2005, 579, 5236 - 5240. Wang, G. ; Conover, R. C. ; Olczak, A. A. ; Alamuri, P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Maier, R. J. Oxidative stress defense mechanisms to counter iron-promoted DNA damage in Helicobacter pylori. Free Radical Research 2005, 39, 1183 - 1191. 2004 Dos Santos, P. C. ; Smith, A. D. ; Frazzon, J. ; Cash, V. L. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dean, D. R. Iron-sulfur cluster assembly - NifU-directed activation of the nitrogenase Fe protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2004, 279, 19705 - 19711. Hanzelmann, P. ; Hernandez, H. L. ; Menzel, C. ; Garcia-Serres, R. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Mendel, R. R. ; Schindelin, H. Characterization of MOCS1A, an oxygen-sensitive iron-sulfur protein involved in human molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2004, 279, 34721 - 34732. Kim, S. K. ; Rahman, A. ; Bick, J. A. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Mason, J. T. ; Hirasawa, M. ; Leustek, T. ; Knaff, D. B. Properties of the cysteine residues and iron-sulfur cluster of the assimilatory 5'-adenylyl sulfate reductase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biochemistry 2004, 43, 13478 - 13486. Walters, E. M. ; Johnson, M. K. Ferredoxin: thioredoxin reductase: disulfide reduction catalyzed via novel site-specific [4Fe-4S] cluster chemistry. Photosynthesis Research 2004, 79, 249 - 264. Johnson, M. K. Vibrational spectra of dithiolene complexes. Progress in Inorganic Chemistry: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications 2004, 52, 213 - 266. Cosper, M. M. ; Jameson, G. N. L. ; Hernandez, H. L. ; Krebs, C. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. Characterization of the cofactor composition of Escherichia coli biotin synthase. Biochemistry 2004, 43, 2007 - 2021. Duin, E. C. ; Signor, L. ; Piskorski, R. ; Mahlert, F. ; Clay, M. D. ; Goenrich, M. ; Thauer, R. K. ; Jaun, B. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic investigation of the nickel-containing porphinoid cofactor F430. Comparison of the free cofactor in the +1, +2 and +3 oxidation states with the cofactor bound to methyl-coenzyme M reductase in the silent, red and ox forms. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 2004, 9, 563 - 576. Jameson, G. N. L. ; Cosper, M. M. ; Hernandez, H. L. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Huynh, B. H. Role of the [2Fe-2S] cluster in recombinant Escherichia coli biotin synthase. Biochemistry 2004, 43, 2022 - 2031. Sen, S. ; Igarashi, R. ; Smith, A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Seefeldt, L. C. ; Peters, J. W. A conformational mimic of the MgATP-Bound "on state" of the nitrogenase iron protein. Biochemistry 2004, 43, 1787 - 1797. Wang, G. ; Conover, R. C. ; Benoit, S. ; Olczak, A. A. ; Olson, J. W. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Maier, R. J. Role of a bacterial organic hydroperoxide detoxification system in preventing catalase inactivation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2004, 279, 51908 - 51914. 2003 Mitou, G. ; Higgins, C. ; Wittung-Stafshede, P. ; Conover, R. C. ; Smith, A. D. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Gaillard, J. ; Stubna, A. ; Munck, E. ; Meyer, J. An Isc-type extremely thermostable [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin from Aquifex aeolicus. Biochemical, spectroscopic, and unfolding studies. Biochemistry 2003, 42, 1354 - 1364. Agar, J. N. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. Iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis. In Biochemistry and Physiology of Anaerobic Bacteria; Ljungdahl, L. G. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Barton, L. L. ; Ferry, J. G. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Biochemistry and Physiology of Anaerobic Bacteria; Springer-Verlag: New York, 2003; pp. 46 - 66. Pollock, V. V. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Barber, M. J. Biotin sulfoxide reductase: Tryptophan 90 is required for efficient substrate utilization. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2003, 409, 315 - 326. Clay, M. D. ; Cosper, C. A. ; Jenney, F. E. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Nitric oxide binding at the mononuclear active site of reduced Pyrococcus furiosus superoxide reductase. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2003, 100, 3796 - 3801. Ding, W. ; Sanderson, C. T. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Amster, I. J. ; Kutal, C. Characterization of the low-energy electronic excited states of benzoyl-substituted ferrocenes. Inorganic Chemistry 2003, 42, 1532 - 1537. Li, J. ; Osyczka, A. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Qin, H. ; Daldal, F. ; Knaff, D. B. Role of acidic and aromatic amino acids in Rhodobacter capsulatus cytochrome c1. A site-directed mutagenesis study. Biochemistry 2003, 42, 8818 - 8830. Pierrel, F. ; Hernandez, H. L. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Fontecave, M. ; Atta, M. MiaB protein from Thermotoga maritima - Characterization of an extremely thermophilic tRNA-methylthiotransferase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2003, 278, 29515 - 29524. Clay, M. D. ; Emerson, J. P. ; Coulter, E. D. ; Kurtz, D. M. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic characterization of the [Fe(His)4(Cys)] site in 2Fe-superoxide reductase from Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 2003, 8, 671 - 682. Cosper, M. M. ; Cosper, N. J. ; Hong, W. ; Shokes, J. E. ; Broderick, W. E. ; Broderick, J. B. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Scott, R. A. Structural studies of the interaction of S-adenosylmethionine with the [4Fe-4S] clusters in biotin synthase and pyruvate formate-lyase activating enzyme. Protein Science 2003, 12, 1573 - 1577. Jameson, G. N. L. ; Walters, E. M. ; Manieri, W. ; Schurmann, P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Huynh, B. H. Spectroscopic evidence for site specific chemistry at a unique iron site of the [4Fe-4S] cluster in ferredoxin:thioredoxin reductase. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2003, 125, 1146 - 1147. 2002 Clay, M. D. ; Jenney, F. E. ; Hagedoorn, P. L. ; George, G. N. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic studies of Pyrococcus furiosus superoxide reductase: Implications for active-site structures and the catalytic mechanism. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2002, 124, 788 - 805. Cosper, M. M. ; Jameson, G. N. L. ; Eidsness, M. K. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. Recombinant Escherichia coli biotin synthase is a [2Fe-2S]2+ protein in whole cells. Febs Letters 2002, 529, 332 - 336. Davis, C. A. ; Dhawan, I. K. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Barber, M. J. Heterologous expression of an endogenous rat cytochrome b5/cytochrome b5 reductase fusion protein: Identification of histidines 62 and 85 as the heme axial ligands. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2002, 400, 63 - 75. Li, J. ; Darrouzet, E. ; Dhawan, I. K. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Osyczka, A. ; Daldal, F. ; Knaff, D. B. Spectroscopic and oxidation-reduction properties of Rhodobacter capsulatus cytochrome c1 and its M183K and M183H variants. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Bioenergetics 2002, 1556, 175 - 186. Pollock, V. V. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Barber, M. J. Bacterial expression of the molybdenum domain of assimilatory nitrate reductase: production of both the functional molybdenum-containing domain and the nonfunctional tungsten analog. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2002, 403, 237 - 248. Adams, M. W. W. ; Jenney, F. E. ; Clay, M. D. ; Johnson, M. K. Superoxide reductase: fact or fiction?. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 2002, 7, 647 - 652. Clay, M. D. ; Jenney, F. E. ; Noh, H. J. ; Hagedoorn, P. L. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman characterization of the mononuclear iron active-site vibrations and putative electron transport pathways in Pyrococcus furiosus superoxide reductase. Biochemistry 2002, 41, 9833 - 9841. Cosper, M. M. ; Jameson, G. N. L. ; Davydov, R. ; Eidsness, M. K. ; Hoffman, B. M. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. The [4Fe-4S]2+ cluster in reconstituted biotin synthase binds S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2002, 124, 14006 - 14007. Duin, E. C. ; Madadi-Kahkesh, S. ; Hedderich, R. ; Clay, M. D. ; Johnson, M. K. Heterodisulfide reductase from Methanothermobacter marburgensis contains an active-site [4Fe-4S] cluster that is directly involved in mediating heterodisulfide reduction. Febs Letters 2002, 512, 263 - 268. Meyer, J. ; Clay, M. D. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Stubna, A. ; Munck, E. ; Higgins, C. ; Wittung-Stafshede, P. A hyperthermophilic plant-type [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin from Aquifex aeolicus is stabilized by a disulfide bond. Biochemistry 2002, 41, 3096 - 3108. 2001 Madadi-Kahkesh, S. ; Duin, E. C. ; Heim, S. ; Albracht, S. P. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Hedderich, R. A paramagnetic species with unique EPR characteristics in the active site of heterodisulfide reductase from methanogenic archaea. European Journal of Biochemistry 2001, 268, 2566 - 2577. Krebs, C. ; Agar, J. N. ; Smith, A. D. ; Frazzon, J. ; Dean, D. R. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Johnson, M. K. IscA, an alternate scaffold for Fe-S cluster biosynthesis. Biochemistry 2001, 40, 14069 - 14080. Smith, A. D. ; Agar, J. N. ; Johnson, K. A. ; Frazzon, J. ; Amster, I. J. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. Sulfur transfer from IscS to IscU: The first step in iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2001, 123, 11103 - 11104. 2000 Agar, J. N. ; Zheng, L. M. ; Cash, V. L. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. Role of the IscU protein in iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis: IscS-mediated assembly of a [Fe2S2] cluster in IscU. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2000, 122, 2136 - 2137. Dhawan, I. K. ; Roy, R. ; Koehler, B. P. ; Mukund, S. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic studies of the tungsten-containing formaldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus litoralis. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 2000, 5, 313 - 327. Olson, J. W. ; Agar, J. N. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Maier, R. J. Characterization of the NifU and NifS Fe-S cluster formation proteins essential for viability in Helicobacter pylori. Biochemistry 2000, 39, 16213 - 16219. Agar, J. N. ; Yuvaniyama, P. ; Jack, R. F. ; Cash, V. L. ; Smith, A. D. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. Modular organization and identification of a mononuclear iron-binding site within the NifU protein. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 2000, 5, 167 - 177. Johnson, M. K. CD and MCD Spectroscopy. In Physical methods in bioinorganic chemistry. Spectroscopy and magnetism; Que, L., J. ; Physical methods in bioinorganic chemistry. Spectroscopy and magnetism; University Science Books: Sausalito, CA, 2000; pp. 233 - 286. Agar, J. N. ; Krebs, C. ; Frazzon, J. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. IscU as a scaffold for iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis: Sequential assembly of [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters in IscU. Biochemistry 2000, 39, 7856 - 7862. Garton, S. D. ; Temple, C. A. ; Dhawan, I. K. ; Barber, M. J. ; Rajagopalan, K. V. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman characterization of biotin sulfoxide reductase - Comparing oxomolybdenum enzymes in the Me2SO reductase family. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000, 275, 6798 - 6805. Yuvaniyama, P. ; Agar, J. N. ; Cash, V. L. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dean, D. R. NifS-directed assembly of a transient [2Fe-2S] cluster within the NifU protein. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2000, 97, 599 - 604. 1999 Dhawan, I. K. ; Shelver, D. ; Thorsteinsson, M. V. ; Roberts, G. P. ; Johnson, M. K. Probing the heme axial ligation in the CO-sensing CooA protein with magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biochemistry 1999, 38, 12805 - 12813. Duderstadt, R. E. ; Staples, C. R. ; Brereton, P. S. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Effects of mutations in aspartate 14 on the spectroscopic properties of the [Fe3S4]+,0 clusters in Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Biochemistry 1999, 38, 10585 - 10593. Johnson, M. K. ; Duderstadt, R. E. ; Duin, E. C. Biological and synthetic [Fe3S4] clusters. Advances in Inorganic Chemistry, Vol 47 1999, 47, 1 - 82. Lou, J. R. ; Moshiri, F. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Lafferty, M. E. ; Sorkin, D. L. ; Miller, A. F. ; Maier, R. J. Mutagenesis studies of the FeSII protein of Azotobacter vinelandii: Roles of histidine and lysine residues in the protection of nitrogenase from oxygen damage. Biochemistry 1999, 38, 5563 - 5571. Duderstadt, R. E. ; Brereton, P. S. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. A pure S = 3/2 [Fe4S4]+ cluster in the A33Y variant of Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Febs Letters 1999, 454, 21 - 26. Fujii, H. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Johnson, M. K. The active form of the ferric heme in neutrophil cytochrome b558 is low-spin in the reconstituted cell-free system in the presence of amphophil. Journal of Biochemistry 1999, 126, 708 - 714. Kooter, I. M. ; Koehler, B. P. ; Moguilevsky, N. ; Bollen, A. ; Wever, R. ; Johnson, M. K. The Met243 sulfonium ion linkage is responsible for the anomalous magnetic circular dichroism and optical spectral properties of myeloperoxidase. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 1999, 4, 684 - 691. 1998 Barnes, N. R. ; Schreiner, A. F. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Johnson, M. K. Insight into externally bound 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2-N-methylpyridyl)porphyrinatopalladium(II), PdP (2), with B-form DNA duplexes poly(G-C)(2), poly(A-T)(2), and CT DNA by using combined MCD, CD, and optical data. Biospectroscopy 1998, 4, 341 - 352. Golinelli, M. P. ; Chatelet, C. ; Duin, E. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Meyer, J. Extensive ligand rearrangements around the [2Fe-2S] cluster of Clostridium pasteurianum ferredoxin. Biochemistry 1998, 37, 10429 - 10437. Johnson, M. K. Iron-sulfur proteins: New roles for old clusters. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 1998, 2, 173 - 181. Staples, C. R. ; Gaymard, E. ; Stritt-Etter, A. L. ; Telser, J. ; Hoffman, B. M. ; Schurmann, P. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Johnson, M. K. Role of the [Fe4S4] cluster in mediating disulfide reduction in spinach ferredoxin:thioredoxin reductase. Biochemistry 1998, 37, 4612 - 4620. Atta, M. ; Lafferty, M. E. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Gaillard, J. ; Meyer, J. Heterologous biosynthesis and characterization of the [2Fe-2S]-containing N-terminal domain of Clostridium pasteurianum hydrogenase. Biochemistry 1998, 37, 15974 - 15980. Johnson, M. K. ; Duin, E. C. ; Crouse, B. R. ; Golinelli, M. - P. ; Meyer, J. Valence-delocalized [Fe2S2]+ clusters. In Spectroscopic methods in bioinorganic chemistry; Solomon, E. I. ; Hodgson, K. O. ; Spectroscopic methods in bioinorganic chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, D.C., 1998; pp. 286 - 301. Duderstadt, R. E. ; Brereton, P. S. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic evidence for a new type of [Fe3S4] cluster in a mutant form of Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1998, 120, 8525 - 8526. Goodwin, P. J. ; Agar, J. N. ; Roll, J. T. ; Roberts, G. P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dean, D. R. The Azotobacter vinelandii NifEN complex contains two identical [4Fe-4S] clusters. Biochemistry 1998, 37, 10420 - 10428. Johnson, M. K. ; Staples, C. R. ; Duin, E. C. ; Lafferty, M. E. ; Duderstadt, R. E. Novel roles for Fe-S clusters in stabilizing or generating radical intermediates. Pure and Applied Chemistry 1998, 70, 939 - 946. Telser, J. ; Lee, H. I. ; Smith, E. T. ; Huang, H. ; Brereton, P. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Hoffman, B. M. Investigation by EPR and ENDOR spectroscopy of the novel 4Fe ferredoxin from Pyrococcus furiosus. Applied Magnetic Resonance 1998, 14, 305 - 321. Arendsen, A. F. ; Hadden, J. ; Card, G. ; McAlpine, A. S. ; Bailey, S. ; Zaitsev, V. ; Duke, E. H. M. ; Lindley, P. F. ; Krockel, M. ; Trautwein, A. X. ; Feiters, M. C. ; Charnock, J. M. ; Garner, C. D. ; Marritt, S. J. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Kooter, I. M. ; Johnson, M. K. ; van den Berg, W. A. M. ; van Dongen, W. M. A. M. ; Hagen, W. R. The "prismane" protein resolved: X-ray structure at 1.7 angstrom and multiple spectroscopy of two novel 4Fe clusters. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 1998, 3, 81 - 95. 1997 Broderick, J. B. ; Duderstadt, R. E. ; Fernandez, D. C. ; Wojtuszewski, K. ; Henshaw, T. F. ; Johnson, M. K. Pyruvate formate-lyase activating enzyme is an iron-sulfur protein. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1997, 119, 7396 - 7397. Garton, S. D. ; Garrett, R. M. ; Rajagopalan, K. V. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman characterization of the molybdenum center in sulfite oxidase: Identification of Mo=O stretching modes. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1997, 119, 2590 - 2591. Johnson, M. K. ; Garton, S. D. ; Oku, H. Resonance Raman as a direct probe for the catalytic mechanism of molybdenum oxotransferases. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 1997, 2, 797 - 803. Staples, C. R. ; Dhawan, I. K. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Dwinell, D. A. ; Zhou, Z. H. ; Huang, H. S. ; Verhagen, M. F. J. M. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Electronic, magnetic, and redox properties of [MFe3S4] clusters (M = Cd, Cu, Cr) in Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Inorganic Chemistry 1997, 36, 5740 - 5749. Duin, E. C. ; Lafferty, M. E. ; Crouse, B. R. ; Allen, R. M. ; Sanyal, I. ; Flint, D. H. ; Johnson, M. K. [2Fe-2S] to [4Fe-4S] cluster conversion in Escherichia coli biotin synthase. Biochemistry 1997, 36, 11811 - 11820. Garton, S. D. ; Hilton, J. ; Oku, H. ; Crouse, B. R. ; Rajagopalan, K. V. ; Johnson, M. K. Active site structures and catalytic mechanism of Rhodobacter sphaeroides dimethyl sulfoxide reductase as revealed by resonance Raman spectroscopy. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1997, 119, 12906 - 12916. Peters, J. W. ; Stowell, M. H. B. ; Soltis, S. M. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Rees, D. C. Redox-dependent structural changes in the nitrogenase P-cluster. Biochemistry 1997, 36, 1181 - 1187. 1996 Finnegan, M. G. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Qin, H. ; Gray, K. A. ; Daldal, F. ; Yu, L. D. ; Yu, C. A. ; Francisco, S. K. S. ; Johnson, M. K. Axial heme ligation in the cytochrome bc1 complexes of mitochondrial and photosynthetic membranes. A near-infrared magnetic circular dichroism and electron paramagnetic resonance study. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Bioenergetics 1996, 1274, 9 - 20. Johnson, M. K. ; Rees, D. C. ; Adams, M. W. W. Tungstoenzymes. Chemical Reviews 1996, 96, 2817 - 2839. Mohanta, S. ; Nag, K. ; Dutta, S. K. ; Werner, R. ; Haase, W. ; Duin, E. ; Johnson, M. K. Magnetic investigations on a valence-delocalized dinuclear Fe(II)-Fe(III) complex. Berichte der Bunsen-Gesellschaft-Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 1996, 100, 2086 - 2090. Sellers, V. M. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Dailey, H. A. Function of the [2Fe-2S] cluster in mammalian ferrochelatase: A possible role as a nitric oxide sensor. Biochemistry 1996, 35, 2699 - 2704. deVocht , M. L. ; Kooter, I. M. ; Bulsink, Y. B. M. ; Hagen, W. R. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman evidence for non-heme Fe-O species in the [6Fe-6S]-containing iron-sulfur proteins from sulfate-reducing bacteria. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1996, 118, 2766 - 2767. Golinelli, M. P. ; Akin, L. A. ; Crouse, B. R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Meyer, J. Cysteine ligand swapping on a deletable loop of the [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin from Clostridium pasteurianum. Biochemistry 1996, 35, 8995 - 9002. Koehler, B. P. ; Mukund, S. ; Conover, R. C. ; Dhawan, I. K. ; Roy, R. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic characterization of the tungsten and iron centers in aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductases from two hyperthermophilic archaea. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1996, 118, 12391 - 12405. Park, I. S. ; Michel, L. O. ; Pearson, M. A. ; Jabri, E. ; Karplus, P. A. ; Wang, S. K. ; Dong, J. ; Scott, R. A. ; Koehler, B. P. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Hausinger, R. P. Characterization of the mononickel metallocenter in H134A mutant urease. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1996, 271, 18632 - 18637. Staples, C. R. ; Ameyibor, E. ; Fu, W. G. ; GardetSalvi, L. ; StrittEtter, A. L. ; Schurmann, P. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Johnson, M. K. The function and properties of the iron-sulfur center in spinach ferredoxin:thioredoxin reductase: A new biological role for iron-sulfur clusters. Biochemistry 1996, 35, 11425 - 11434. Crouse, B. R. ; Sellers, V. M. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Dailey, H. A. ; Johnson, M. K. Site-directed mutagenesis and spectroscopic characterization of human ferrochelatase: Identification of residues coordinating the [2Fe-2S] cluster. Biochemistry 1996, 35, 16222 - 16229. 1995 Moshiri, F. ; Crouse, B. R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Maier, R. J. The nitrogenase protective FeSII protein of Azotobacter vinelandii - Overexpression, characterization, and crystallization. Biochemistry 1995, 34, 12973 - 12982. Werth, M. T. ; Tang, S. F. ; Formicka, G. ; Zeppezauer, M. ; Johnson, M. K. Magnetic circular dichroism and electron paramagnetic resonance studies of cobalt-substituted horse liver alcohol, dehydrogenase. Inorganic Chemistry 1995, 34, 218 - 228. Crouse, B. R. ; Yu, C. A. ; Yu, L. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic Identification of the axial ligands of cytochrome b560 in bovine heart succinate-ubiquinone reductase. Febs Letters 1995, 367, 1 - 4. Finnegan, M. G. ; Conover, R. C. ; Park, J. B. ; Zhou, Z. H. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Electronic, magnetic, redox, and ligand-binding properties of [MFe3S4] clusters (M = Zn, Co, Mn) in Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Inorganic Chemistry 1995, 34, 5358 - 5369. Fujii, H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Miki, T. ; Yoshida, L. S. ; Kakinuma, K. Electron spin resonance studies on neutrophil cytochrome b558 - Evidence that low-spin heme iron is essential for O2-radical-anion generating activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1995, 270, 12685 - 12689. Ma, K. ; Loessner, H. ; Heider, J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Adams, M. W. W. Effects of elemental sulfur on the metabolism of the deep-sea hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus strain ES-1 - Characterization of a sulfur-regulated, non-heme iron alcohol dehydrogenase. Journal of Bacteriology 1995, 177, 4748 - 4756. Telser, J. ; Smith, E. T. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Hoffman, B. M. Cyanide binding to the novel 4Fe ferredoxin from Pyrococcus furiosus - Investigation by EPR and ENDOR spectroscopy. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1995, 117, 5133 - 5140. Crouse, B. R. ; Meyer, J. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic evidence for a reduced [Fe2S2] cluster with a S = 9/2 ground-state in mutant forms of Clostridium pasteurianum 2Fe ferredoxin. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1995, 117, 9612 - 9613. Fujii, H. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Miki, T. ; Crouse, B. R. ; Kakinuma, K. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic identification of the heme axial ligation of cytochrome b558 in the NADPH oxidase of porcine neutrophils. Febs Letters 1995, 377, 345 - 348. Kowal, A. T. ; Werth, M. T. ; Manodori, A. ; Cecchini, G. ; Schroder, I. ; Gunsalus, R. P. ; Johnson, M. K. Effect of cysteine to serine mutations on the properties of the [4Fe-4S] center in Escherichia coli fumarate reductase. Biochemistry 1995, 34, 12284 - 12293. 1994 Crouse, B. R. ; Yano, T. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Yagi, T. ; Johnson, M. K. Properties of the iron-sulfur center in the 25-Kilodalton subunit of the proton-translocating NADH-quinone oxidoreductase of Paracoccus denitrificans. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1994, 269, 21030 - 21036. Fu, W. G. ; Jack, R. F. ; Morgan, T. V. ; Dean, D. R. ; Johnson, M. K. NifU gene-product from Azotobacter vinelandii is a homodimer that contains 2 identical [2Fe-2S] clusters. Biochemistry 1994, 33, 13455 - 13463. Tavares, P. ; Ravi, N. ; Moura, J. J. G. ; Legall, J. ; Huang, Y. H. ; Crouse, B. R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Huynh, B. H. ; Moura, I. Spectroscopic properties of desulfoferrodoxin from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (ATCC-27774). Journal of Biological Chemistry 1994, 269, 10504 - 10510. Johnson, M. K. Iron-sulfur proteins. In Encyclopedia of inorganic chemistry; King, R. B. ; Encyclopedia of inorganic chemistry; John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, 1994; Vol. 1, pp. 1896 - 1915. Castillo, M. C. G. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Conover, R. C. ; Knaff, D. B. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic characterization of flavocytochrome c552 from the photosynthetic purple sulfur bacterium Chromatium vinosum. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Bioenergetics 1994, 1184, 273 - 278. Dailey, H. A. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Johnson, M. K. Human ferrochelatase is an iron-sulfur protein. Biochemistry 1994, 33, 403 - 407. Fu, W. G. ; Telser, J. ; Hoffman, B. M. ; Smith, E. T. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. Interaction of Tl+ and Cs+ with the [Fe3S4] cluster of Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin - Investigation by resonance Raman, MCD, EPR, and ENDOR Spectroscopy. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1994, 116, 5722 - 5729. Vanelp, J. ; Peng, G. ; Searle, B. G. ; Mitrakirtley, S. ; Huang, Y. H. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Zhou, Z. H. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Maroney, M. J. ; Cramer, S. P. Electronic structure and symmetry in nickel-L edge X-Ray absorption spectroscopy - Application to a nickel protein. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1994, 116, 1918 - 1923. 1993 Finnegan, M. G. ; Hilton, J. ; Rajagopalan, K. V. ; Johnson, M. K. Optical transitions of molybdenum(V) in glycerol-inhibited DMSO reductase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Inorganic Chemistry 1993, 32, 2616 - 2617. Fu, W. ; Drozdzewski, P. M. ; Morgan, T. V. ; Mortenson, L. E. ; Juszczak, A. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; He, S. H. ; Peck, H. D. ; Dervartanian, D. V. ; Legall, J. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman studies of iron-only hydrogenases. Biochemistry 1993, 32, 4813 - 4819. Huang, Y. H. ; Moura, I. ; Moura, J. J. G. ; Legall, J. ; Park, J. B. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman studies of nickel tetrathiolates and nickel-substituted rubredoxins and desulforedoxin. Inorganic Chemistry 1993, 32, 406 - 412. Srivastava, K. K. P. ; Surerus, K. K. ; Conover, R. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Park, J. B. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Munck, E. Mossbauer study of ZnFe3S4 and NiFe3S4 clusters in Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Inorganic Chemistry 1993, 32, 927 - 936. Flint, D. H. ; Emptage, M. H. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Fu, W. G. ; Johnson, M. K. The role and properties of the iron-sulfur cluster in Escherichia coli dihydroxy-acid dehydratase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1993, 268, 14732 - 14742. Huang, Y. H. ; Park, J. B. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Oxidized nickel-substituted rubredoxin as a model for the Ni-C EPR signal of NiFe hydrogenases. Inorganic Chemistry 1993, 32, 375 - 376. Onate, Y. A. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Hales, B. J. ; Johnson, M. K. Variable temperature magnetic circular dichroism studies of reduced nitrogenase iron proteins and [4Fe-4S]+ synthetic analog clusters. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1993, 1164, 113 - 123. 1992 Brenner, M. C. ; Li, M. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Scott, R. A. Spectroscopic characterization of the alternate form of S-methylcoenzyme M reductase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (Strain-Delta-H). Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1992, 1120, 160 - 166. Fu, W. G. ; Ohandley, S. ; Cunningham, R. P. ; Johnson, M. K. The role of the iron-sulfur cluster in Escherichia coli endonuclease III - A sesonance Raman study. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1992, 267, 16135 - 16137. Manodori, A. ; Cecchini, G. ; Schroder, I. ; Gunsalus, R. P. ; Werth, M. T. ; Johnson, M. K. [3Fe-4S] to [4Fe-4S] cluster conversion in Escherichia coli fumarate reductase by site-directed mutagenesis. Biochemistry 1992, 31, 2703 - 2712. Fu, W. G. ; Drozdzewski, P. M. ; Davies, M. D. ; Sligar, S. G. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman and magnetic circular dichroism studies of reduced [2Fe-2S] proteins. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1992, 267, 15502 - 15510. Hirasawa, M. ; Robertson, D. E. ; Ameyibor, E. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Knaff, D. B. Oxidation-reduction properties of the ferredoxin-linked glutamate synthase from spinach leaf. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1992, 1100, 105 - 108. Werth, M. T. ; Sices, H. ; Cecchini, G. ; Schroder, I. ; Lasage, S. ; Gunsalus, R. P. ; Johnson, M. K. Evidence for non-cysteinyl coordination of the [2Fe-2S] cluster in Escherichia coli succinate dehydrogenase. Febs Letters 1992, 299, 1 - 4. 1991 Cecchini, G. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Werth, M. T. ; Schr, I. ; Westenberg, D. J. ; Gunsalus, R. P. Fumarate reductase from Escherichia coli: Molecular approaches to the understanding of the function of its prosthetic groups. In Flavins and Flavoproteins 1990; Curti, B. ; Ronchi, S. ; Zanetti, G. ; Flavins and Flavoproteins 1990; Walter de Gruyter: Berlin, 1991; pp. 711 - 718. Conover, R. C. ; Park, J. B. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Exogenous ligand binding to the [Fe4S4] cluster in Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1991, 113, 2799 - 2800. Fu, W. G. ; Morgan, T. V. ; Mortenson, L. E. ; Johnson, M. K. Resonance Raman studies of the [4Fe-4S] to [2Fe-2S] cluster conversion in the iron protein of nitrogenase. Febs Letters 1991, 284, 165 - 168. Nocek, J. M. ; Stemp, E. D. A. ; Finnegan, M. G. ; Koshy, T. I. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Margoliash, E. ; Mauk, A. G. ; Smith, M. ; Hoffman, B. M. Low-temperature, cooperative conformational transition within [Zn-cytochrome c peroxidase, cytochrome-c] complexes - Variation with cytochrome. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1991, 113, 6822 - 6831. Manodori, A. ; Cecchini, G. ; Werth, M. T. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Schr, I. ; Gunsalus, R. P. Site-directed mutagenesis of the putative ligands of the [3Fe-4S] cluster of fumarate reductase from E. coli. In Flavins and Flavoproteins 1990; Curti, B. ; Ronchi, S. ; Zanetti, G. ; Flavins and Flavoproteins 1990; Walter de Gruyter: Berlin, 1991; pp. 719 - 722. Finnegan, M. G. ; Kowal, A. T. ; Werth, M. T. ; Clark, P. A. ; Wilcox, D. E. ; Johnson, M. K. Variable-temperature magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy as a probe of the electronic and magnetic properties of nickel in Jack Bean urease. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1991, 113, 4030 - 4032. Knaff, D. B. ; Hirasawa, M. ; Ameyibor, E. ; Fu, W. G. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic evidence for a [3Fe-4S] cluster in spinach glutamate synthase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1991, 266, 15080 - 15084. Ackrell, B. A. C. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Gunsalus, R. P. ; Cecchini, G. Succinate dehydrogenases and fumarate reductases. In Chemistry and Biochemistry of Flavoenzymes, Vol III; Muller, F. ; Chemistry and Biochemistry of Flavoenzymes, Vol III; CRC Press: Boca Raton, 1991; Vol. 1, pp. 229 - 297. 1990 Conover, R. C. ; Kowal, A. T. ; Fu, W. ; Park, J. B. ; Aono, S. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic characterization of the novel iron-sulfur cluster in Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1990, 265, 8533 - 8541. Conover, R. C. ; Park, J. B. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Formation and properties of a NiFe3S4 cluster in Pyrococcus furiosus ferredoxin. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1990, 112, 4562 - 4564. Werth, M. T. ; Cecchini, G. ; Manodori, A. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. ; Schroder, I. ; Gunsalus, R. P. ; Johnson, M. K. Site-directed mutagenesis of conserved cysteine residues in Escherichia coli fumarate reductase - Modification of the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of the [2Fe-2S] cluster. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1990, 87, 8965 - 8969. 1989 Kowal, A. T. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of the low-temperature photolytic behavior of oxidized hydrogenase I from Clostridium pasteurianum. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1989, 264, 4342 - 4348. Werth, M. T. ; Johnson, M. K. Magnetic circular dichroism and electron paramagnetic resonance studies of iron(II)-metallothionein. Biochemistry 1989, 28, 3982 - 3988. Hamilton, C. L. ; Scott, R. A. ; Johnson, M. K. The magnetic and electronic properties of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (Strain-Delta-H) methyl coenzyme M reductase and its nickel tetrapyrrole cofactor F430 - A low temperature magnetic circular dichroism study. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1989, 264, 11605 - 11613. Onate, Y. A. ; Vollmer, S. J. ; Switzer, R. L. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic characterization of the iron-sulfur cluster in Bacillus subtilis glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1989, 264, 18386 - 18391. Zambrano, I. C. ; Kowal, A. T. ; Mortenson, L. E. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. Magnetic circular dichroism and electron paramagnetic resonance studies of Hydrogenase I and Hydrogenase II from Clostridium pasteurianum. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1989, 264, 20974 - 20983. 1988 Drozdzewski, P. M. ; Johnson, M. K. A simple anaerobic cell for low-temperature Raman spectroscopy. Applied Spectroscopy 1988, 42, 1575 - 1577. Johnson, M. K. ; Kowal, A. T. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Oliver, M. E. ; Whittaker, K. ; Gunsalus, R. P. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. ; Cecchini, G. Subunit location of the iron-sulfur clusters in fumarate reductase from Escherichia coli. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1988, 263, 14732 - 14738. Johnson, M. K. Variable-temperature magnetic circular dichroism studies of metalloproteins. ACS Symposium Series 1988, 372, 326 - 342. Kowal, A. T. ; Zambrano, I. C. ; Moura, I. ; Moura, J. J. G. ; Legall, J. ; Johnson, M. K. Electronic and magnetic properties of nickel-substituted rubredoxin - A variable-temperature magnetic circular dichroism study. Inorganic Chemistry 1988, 27, 1162 - 1166. 1987 Bennett, D. E. ; Johnson, M. K. The electronic and magnetic properties of rubredoxin - A low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism study. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1987, 911, 71 - 80. Johnson, M. K. ; Bennett, D. E. ; Fee, J. A. ; Sweeney, W. V. Spectroscopic studies of the 7-iron-containing ferredoxins from Azotobacter vinelandii and Thermus thermophilus. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1987, 911, 81 - 94. Kang, L. ; Legall, J. ; Kowal, A. T. ; Johnson, M. K. Spectroscopic properties of siroheme extracted from sulfite reductases. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1987, 30, 273 - 290. Ramsay, R. R. ; Kowal, A. T. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Salach, J. I. ; Singer, T. P. The inhibition site of MPP+, the neurotoxic bioactivation product of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine is near the Q-binding site of NADH dehydrogenase. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 1987, 259, 645 - 649. Johnson, M. K. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Kearney, E. B. ; Cecchini, G. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. The iron-sulfur clusters in succinate dehydrogenase. In Cytochrome Systems: Molecular Biology and Bioenergetics; Papa, S. ; Cytochrome Systems: Molecular Biology and Bioenergetics; Plenum Press: New York, 1987; pp. 473 - 484. Czernuszewicz, R. S. ; Macor, K. A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Gewirth, A. ; Spiro, T. G. Vibrational-mode structure and symmetry in proteins and analogs containing Fe4S4 clusters - Resonance Raman evidence for different degrees of distortion in HIPIP and ferredoxin. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1987, 109, 7178 - 7187. Johnson, M. K. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Oliver, M. ; Frerman, F. E. Electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic circular dichroism studies of electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase from pig-liver. Febs Letters 1987, 226, 129 - 133. Morningstar, J. E. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Case, E. E. ; Hales, B. J. Characterization of the metal clusters in the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron and vanadium-iron proteins of Azotobacter vinelandii using magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biochemistry 1987, 26, 1795 - 1800. 1986 Johnson, M. K. ; Zambrano, I. C. ; Czechowski, M. H. ; Peck, H.D., J. ; Dervartanian, D. V. ; Legall, J. Magnetic circular dichroism and electron paramagnetic resonance studies of nickel-containing hydrogenases. In Frontiers of Bioinorganic Chemistry; Xavier, A. V. ; Frontiers of Bioinorganic Chemistry; VCH Publishers, 1986; pp. 36 - 44. Kowal, A. T. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Ramsay, R. R. ; Singer, T. P. Spectroscopic characterization of the number and type of iron-sulfur clusters in NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1986, 261, 9239 - 9245. Adams, M. W. W. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Zambrano, I. C. ; Mortenson, L. E. On the novel H2-activating iron-sulfur center of the Fe-only hydrogenases. Biochimie 1986, 68, 35 - 41. 1985 Hagen, W. R. ; Dunham, W. R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Fee, J. A. Quarter field resonance and integer-spin half-spin interaction in the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of Thermus thermophilus ferredoxin - Possible new fingerprints for 3Fe clusters. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1985, 828, 369 - 374. Johnson, M. K. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Cecchini, G. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. In vivo detection of a 3Fe cluster in fumarate reductase from Escherichia coli. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1985, 131, 653 - 658. Johnson, M. K. ; Bennett, D. E. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Adams, M. W. W. ; Mortenson, L. E. The iron-sulfur cluster composition of Escherichia coli nitrate reductase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1985, 260, 5456 - 5463. Maguire, J. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. ; Kearney, E. B. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of mammalian succinate dehydrogenase - Detection of the tetranuclear cluster S2. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1985, 260, 909 - 912. Johnson, M. K. ; Zambrano, I. C. ; Czechowski, M. H. ; Peck, H. D. ; Dervartanian, D. V. ; Legall, J. Low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy as a probe for the optical transitions of paramagnetic nickel in hydrogenase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1985, 128, 220 - 225. Johnson, M. K. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Cecchini, G. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. Detection of a tetranuclear iron-sulfur center in fumarate reductase from Escherichia coli by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1985, 131, 756 - 762. Johnson, M. K. ; Morningstar, J. E. ; Bennett, D. E. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. ; Kearney, E. B. Magnetic circular dichroism studies of succinate dehydrogenase - Evidence for [2Fe-2S], [3Fe-XS], and [4Fe-4S] centers in reconstitutively active enzyme. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1985, 260, 7368 - 7378. Morningstar, J. E. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Cecchini, G. ; Ackrell, B. A. C. ; Kearney, E. B. The high-potential iron-sulfur center in Escherichia coli fumarate reductase Is 3Fe cluster. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1985, 260, 3631 - 3638. 1984 Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Richards, A. J. M. ; Peterson, J. ; Robinson, A. E. ; Ramsay, R. R. ; Singer, T. P. Characterization of the Fe-S cluster in aconitase using low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1984, 259, 2274 - 2282. 1983 Johnson, M. K. ; Czernuszewicz, R. S. ; Spiro, T. G. ; Ramsay, R. R. ; Singer, T. P. Resonance Raman studies of beef-heart aconitase and a bacterial hydrogenase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1983, 258, 2771 - 2774. Czernuszewicz, R. S. ; Johnson, M. K. A simple low-temperature cryostat for resonance Raman studies of frozen protein solutions. Applied Spectroscopy 1983, 37, 297 - 298. Johnson, M. K. ; Czernuszewicz, R. S. ; Spiro, T. G. ; Fee, J. A. ; Sweeney, W. V. Resonance Raman spectroscopic evidence for a common [3Fe-4S] structure among proteins containing 3Fe centers. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1983, 105, 6671 - 6678. 1982 Spiro, T. G. ; Hare, J. ; Yachandra, V. ; Gewirth, A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Remsen, E. Resonance Raman spectra of iron-sulfur proteins and analogs. In Iron-sulfur proteins; Spiro, T. G. ; Iron-sulfur proteins; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1982; Vol. 1st, pp. 407 - 423. Johnson, M. K. ; Powell, D. B. ; Cannon, R. D. Vibrational spectra of carboxylato complexes 2. Some oxo-tetranuclear complexes. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 1982, 38, 125 - 131. Johnson, M. K. ; Spiro, T. G. ; Mortenson, L. E. Resonance Raman and electron paramagnetic resonance studies on oxidized and ferricyanide-treated Clostridium pasteurianum ferredoxin - Vibrational assignments from 34S shifts and evidence for conversion of 4 to 3 iron-sulfur clusters via oxidative damag. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1982, 257, 2447 - 2452. Johnson, M. K. ; Robinson, A. E. ; Thomson, A. J. Low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism of iron-sulfur proteins. In Iron-sulfur proteins; Spiro, T. G. ; Iron-sulfur proteins; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1982; Vol. Ist, pp. 367 - 406. Greenwood, C. ; Eglinton, D. G. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Gooding, P. E. Near infrared magnetic and natural circular dichroism of cytochrome c oxidase and its derivatives. In Electron Transport and Oxygen Utilization; Chien, H. ; Electron Transport and Oxygen Utilization; Elsevier Biomedical, 1982. Johnson, M. K. ; Cannon, R. D. ; Powell, D. B. Vibrational spectra of carboxylato complexes 4. Mixed-metal and mixed-valence oxo-trinuclear complexes. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 1982, 38, 307 - 315. 1981 Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Robinson, A. E. ; Smith, B. E. Characterization of the paramagnetic centers of the molybdenum-iron protein of nitrogenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae using low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1981, 671, 61 - 70. Johnson, M. K. ; Eglinton, D. G. ; Gooding, P. E. ; Greenwood, C. ; Thomson, A. J. Characterization of the partially reduced cyanide-inhibited derivative of cytochrome c oxidase by optical, electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biochemical Journal 1981, 193, 699 - 708. Johnson, M. K. ; Powell, D. B. ; Cannon, R. D. Vibrational spectra of carboxylato complexes 3. Trinuclear basic acetates and formates of chromium(III), iron(III) and other transition metals. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 1981, 37, 995 - 1006. Thomson, A. J. ; Robinson, A. E. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Moura, J. J. G. ; Moura, I. ; Xavier, A. V. ; Legall, J. The 3Fe cluster in a ferredoxin from Desulfovibrio gigas - A low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism study. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1981, 670, 93 - 100. Thomson, A. J. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Greenwood, C. ; Gooding, P. E. A study of the magnetic properties of haem a3 in cytochrome c oxidase by using magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biochemical Journal 1981, 193, 687 - 697. Walsh, T. A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Barber, D. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Greenwood, C. Studies on heme d1 extracted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa nitrite reductase. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1981, 14, 15 - 31. Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Robinson, A. E. ; Rao, K. K. ; Hall, D. O. Low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism spectra and magnetization curves of 4Fe clusters in iron-sulfur proteins from Chromatium and Clostridium pasteurianum. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1981, 667, 433 - 451. Johnson, M. K. ; Powell, D. B. ; Cannon, R. D. Vibrational spectra of carboxylato complexes 1. Infrared and Raman spectra of beryllium(II) acetate and formate and of zinc(II) acetate and zinc(II) acetate dihydrate. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 1981, 37, 899 - 904. Johnson, M. K. ; Hare, J. W. ; Spiro, T. G. ; Moura, J. J. G. ; Xavier, A. V. ; Legall, J. Resonance Raman spectra of 3Fe centers in ferredoxins from Desulfovibrio gigas. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1981, 256, 9806 - 9808. Thomson, A. J. ; Robinson, A. E. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Cammack, R. ; Rao, K. K. ; Hall, D. O. Low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism evidence for the conversion of 4Fe clusters in a ferredoxin from Clostridium pasteurianum into 3Fe clusters. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1981, 637, 423 - 432. Walsh, T. A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Barber, D. ; Greenwood, C. The characterization and magnetic properties of the azide and imidazole derivatives of Pseudomonas nitrite reductase. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1981, 14, 1 - 14. 1980 Eglinton, D. G. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Gooding, P. E. ; Greenwood, C. Near-infrared magnetic and natural circular dichroism of cytochrome c oxidase. Biochemical Journal 1980, 191, 319 - 331. Thomson, A. J. ; Johnson, M. K. Magnetization curves of hemoproteins measured by low-temperature magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biochemical Journal 1980, 191, 411 - 420. Woollins, D. J. ; Grinter, R. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. Preparation of some thionitrosyl-type transition metal complexes and their characterization by infrared, optical, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy - [M(S2N2H)2], [M(S2N2H)(S3N)], and [M(S3N)2] (M=Co,Ni,Pd,Or Pt). Journal of the Chemical Society-Dalton Transactions 1980, 1910 - 1916. Johnson, M. K. ; Thomson, A. J. ; Walsh, T. A. ; Barber, D. ; Greenwood, C. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies on Pseudomonas nitrosyl nitrite reductase - Evidence for multiple species in the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of nitrosyl hemoproteins. Biochemical Journal 1980, 189, 285 - 294. 1979 Greenwood, C. ; Walsh, T. A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Barber, D. ; Springall, J. P. ; Thomson, A. J. The magnetic properties of Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase. In Frontiers of Biological Energetics, Vol 2; Dutton, P. L. ; Frontiers of Biological Energetics, Vol 2; Academic Press, 1979; pp. 851 - 861. Walsh, T. A. ; Johnson, M. K. ; Greenwood, C. ; Barber, D. ; Springall, J. P. ; Thomson, A. J. Some magnetic properties of Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase. Biochemical Journal 1979, 177, 29 - 39.
