Tags: Analytical Seminar


Application of Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering (QELS) Spectroscopy to Probe Single Aerosol Particle Microphysics

Atmospheric aerosol particles both directly and indirectly affect the climate, and the extent of their effects is directly related to the physicochemical properties of the aerosol particle(s).1 Aerosol particles in the atmosphere can interact directly with incoming radiation and uptake water to activate into cloud droplets. Instrumentation has been developed to measure surface tension, viscosity, hygroscopicity, phase state, and water…


Insight into Reactive Oxygen Species Utilizing Fluorescence Probes

Biologically, reactive species are an important group of molecules that have been linked with cellular functions such as cellular division, ATP synthesis, signaling, apoptosis, and other key processes. These compounds are classified relative to their elemental counterparts, with the most prominently studied being reactive nitrogen, sulfur, and, most commonly, oxygen species. As such, the study of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has played an…


Processes That Govern the Direct and Indirect Climate Effects of Carbonaceous Aerosol from Biomass Burning and Plastic Pollution

The Schnitzler research group focuses on the fate and impact of carbonaceous aerosols, nanoparticles suspended in air, generated from biomass burning and plastic pollution. These particles impact climate directly by interacting with solar and terrestrial radiation and indirectly by altering cloud formation and properties. Due to their small dimensions, these particles can stay suspended in the atmosphere for a week or two, during which time…


Using Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry to Determine the Stereochemistry of Biopolymer Building Blocks

Amino acids and carbohydrates are involved in many biological process which are critical in determining their accurate characterization. These monosaccharide percussors are fundamental building blocks to their functionality such as cell-cell recognition, cellular adhesion, protein folding and solubility, metabolism, and immune/host pathogen response. All amino acids, except glycine, exist in two stereochemical forms, with the L-form being most…


Improving Performance of an Aethalometer for Measuring Aerosol Absorption

Fossil fuel and biomass combustion releases aerosols into Earth’s atmosphere which strongly absorb incoming solar radiation, contributing significantly to positive radiative forcing (global warming). Given the uncertainty on the extent of this warming effect by aerosols (Alexander et al., 2013), it is paramount that aerosol absorption be measured accurately for translation to reliable climate models. The Aethalometer measures the attenuation of…


Low-cost Approaches for Atmospheric Sensing

The atmosphere is a complex mixture of gases and aerosols that range in concentration from the sub-part-per-billion level up to many percent, and which vary with both time and space.  There are numerous analytical challenges associated with study of the atmosphere, and studies focused on understanding atmospheric chemistry have traditionally required numerous expensive, often custom-built instruments that are cost-prohibitive for many…


The Great ESKAPEE: Multi-Omic Methods for Bacterial Profiling Using HILIC-IM-MS

The prominence of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains has raised concern for the efficacy of currently available antibiotics. Point-of-care utilization of existing drug therapies require strain specific identification of pathogens, which often demands tedious sample preparation strategies and tailored analytical methods. The emergence of multi-omics approaches has empowered scientists to answer complex systems biology questions regarding…


Approaches for Quantifying Aerosol Mixing State Using Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry

While it is well established that atmospheric aerosols directly interact with solar radiation and indirectly alter cloud physical properties, there remains a sizeable uncertainty in aerosol influence on climate.1 Challenges in constraining aerosol influence arise from their complexity at the individual particle-scale as well as the global-scale. At the particle-scale, aerosols may be internally mixed, being comprised of many different molecular…


Traveling Wave-Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry for Multi-Omics Studies

In the field of omics, while single omics techniques have proven adequate, it has been observed that using multiple omics techniques in conjunction yields more thorough and informative sample profiles. The rapid gas-phase structural separation of ion mobility-mass spectrometry is beneficial for high-throughput multi-omics. However, implementing multi-omic methodologies with ion mobility separation presents several challenges, including the…


Quantification of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from PM2.5 using LC-MS

Particulate matter (PM) is a mixture of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas. Fine particles with diameters smaller than 2.5 mm (PM2.5) present a large human health concern because they can penetrate lower into the respiratory tract causing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and lung cancer. A group of organic compounds previously observed in PM2.5, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), are present in a variety of…
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